Kev kho dej polymer yog dab tsi?

Polymer yog dab tsi?
Polymersyog cov tebchaw ua los ntawm cov molecules koom ua ke hauv chains. Cov chains no feem ntau ntev thiab tuaj yeem rov ua kom qhov loj ntawm cov qauv molecular. Tus kheej molecules nyob rau hauv ib tug saw yog hu ua monomers, thiab cov qauv saw yuav manually manipulated los yog hloov kho kom ua tau tej yam khoom thiab cov khoom.
Kev tsim ntawm ntau lub hom phiaj ua qauv av nplaum yog ib qho kev siv ntawm kev hloov pauv polymer molecular lug. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsom mus rau polymers hauv kev lag luam,tshwj xeeb yog kev kho dej polymer.

Yuav siv cov polymers li cas hauv kev kho dej?
Polymers muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho dej khib nyiab. Hauv kev nkag siab yooj yim, lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov saw hlau molecular no yog cais cov khoom ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm nws cov khoom ua kua. Thaum ob lub ntsiab ntawm cov dej khib nyiab tau sib cais, nws yooj yim dua los ua kom tiav cov txheej txheem los ntawm kev sib cais cov khoom thiab kho cov kua, tawm hauv dej huv kom nws thiaj li muab pov tseg kom nyab xeeb lossis rau lwm yam kev lag luam.
Nyob rau hauv qhov kev nkag siab no, ib tug polymer yog flocculant - ib yam khoom uas reacts nrog cov khib nyiab tshem tawm hauv dej los ua pawg hu ua floc. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev hauv cov txheej txheem kho dej khib nyiab, yog li cov polymers feem ntau siv ib leeg los pab kom flocculation, uas tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov khib nyiab yooj yim. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws los ntawm cov txheej txheem no, polymer flocculants feem ntau siv nrog coagulants.
Coagulants coj cov txheej txheem flocculation mus rau qib tom ntej, sib sau ua ke flocs ua ke los tsim ib txheej tuab ntawm sludge uas tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm lossis kho ntxiv. Polymer flocculation tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ntej ntxiv cov coagulants lossis tuaj yeem siv los ua kom cov txheej txheem electrocoagulation. Vim tias electrocoagulation muaj qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo, kev siv cov khoom siv polymer flocculants los ua kom zoo dua cov txheej txheem yog ib qho lus pom zoo rau cov thawj coj hauv tsev.

Ntau hom kev kho dej polymers
Kev kho dej polymer tuaj yeem ua haujlwm sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom monomer siv los ua cov saw hlau polymer. Polymers feem ntau poob rau hauv ob pawg dav. Lawv yog cationic thiab anionic, xa mus rau cov txheeb ze nqi ntawm cov saw hlau molecular.

Anionic polymers hauv kev kho dej
Anionic polymers raug them tsis zoo. Qhov no ua rau lawv tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau flocculating inorganic solids, xws li av nplaum, silt los yog lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm av, los ntawm pov tseg daws. Cov dej khib nyiab los ntawm kev lag luam mining lossis kev lag luam hnyav yuav nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov ntsiab lus no, yog li anionic polymers yuav pab tau tshwj xeeb hauv cov ntawv thov no.

Cationic polymers hauv kev kho dej
Nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm nws tus txheeb ze tus nqi, ib tug cationic polymer yog qhov yooj yim qhov opposite ntawm ib tug anionic polymer vim hais tias nws muaj ib tug zoo nqi. Tus nqi zoo ntawm cationic polymers ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau tshem tawm cov organic khib nyiab los ntawm cov dej khib nyiab los yog cov khoom sib tov. Vim tias cov kav dej phwj hauv pej xeem zoo li muaj ntau cov organic teeb meem, cationic polymers feem ntau siv hauv cov chaw kho dej hauv nroog, txawm tias cov chaw ua liaj ua teb thiab zaub mov kuj siv cov polymers.

Feem ntau cationic polymers muaj xws li:
Polydimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride, polyamine, polyacrylic acid / sodium polyacrylate, cationic polyacrylamide, thiab lwm yam.